... sensor to detect the partial level of creep in a ferromagnetic material by nondestructive examination. 07 08 2007 13 07 2009 10 09 2010 10 09 2010 coercive force creep crystal microstructure ferromagnetic materials magnetic domains magnetic hysteresis magnetic sensors...

... ferromagnetic materials magnetic hysteresis rods (structures) surface morphology corrosion detection electromagnetic sensor magnetic properties carbon steel The nation’s annual expenditures to replace deteriorated equipment, machines, and components of the infrastructure are extensive. Much...

... is well known is to attempt to detect changes in magnetic properties occurring in ferromagnetic materials due to the internal stress states existing in the component, as a result of processing or by the action of an external load, as shown in Fig. 1 . The magnetic flux density, B , is related...